4th Einstein Telescope Annual Meeting

Session

Site Preparation & Characterization (SCB)

11 Nov 2025, 13:20

Opatija, Croatia

Conveners

Site Preparation & Characterization (SCB): SCB

• Wim Walk (Nikhef)
• Domenico D'Urso

Site Preparation & Characterization (SCB)

• Domenico D'Urso
• Wim Walk (Nikhef)

Site Preparation & Characterization (SCB)

• Domenico D'Urso
• Wim Walk (Nikhef)

59. Assessment of seismic noise induced by Next-Generation Wind Turbines in the Fulgatore Area, NW Sicily

Roberto Fontana (University of Pisa)

SCB

talk

The detection of gravitational waves with large-scale laser interferometers such as LIGO and VIRGO has opened a new era in physics, and the scientific community is now planning to build the Einstein Telescope (ET), a next-generation detector with significantly higher sensitivity. These instruments are highly sensitive to seismic noise from natural and anthropogenic sources. In particular, the...

63. Developing a Comprehensive Digital Framework for Sustainable ET Design: A Prototype for the Sardinia site

Giuseppe Sappa (Sapienza University of Rome), Monica Marzario (Sapienza, University of Rome)

SCB

talk

The Einstein Telescope (ET) research infrastructure is set to become the pioneering next-generation underground observatory for gravitational wave detection.
ET engineering design demands a multi-criteria approach to identify and address geological, geotechnical, environmental, and landscape challenges. To address these complexities, a Design Digital Twin (DDT) is being developed as a...

55. Environmental Noise Monitoring with Distributed Acoustic Sensing: Insights from the WAVE Seismic Network

Mr Reinhardt Rading (Helmut-Schmidt-Universität/Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg)

SCB

talk

Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) turns standard telecommunication fibers into dense seismic arrays with thousands of measurement points. Within the WAVE initiative, a 16 km fiber provides more than 16,000 virtual seismic channels in collaboration with DESY on the Bahrenfeld research campus in Hamburg. The project investigates how such large-scale DAS networks can advance environmental...

68. Ground Motion Analysis for the Einstein Telescope: ShakeMap, Seismic Hazard, and Case Studies

Marco Olivieri

SCB

talk

The Einstein Telescope (ET) project, a significant leap in gravitational wave observatories, demands an exceptionally stable environment to minimise seismic noise. To ensure the most suitable site selection, we conducted a meticulous ground motion analysis, integrating historical and recent instrumental earthquakes relevant to the area. By utilising ShakeMaps and severe ground motion...

29. Groundwater modelling for the EMR region Einstein Telescope facility: Geological and hydro(geo)logical refinements to resolve surface drawdown and tunnel inflows using FEFLOW models

Dwight Baldwin (Vrije Universiteit Brussel), Alberto Roman Gessa Fernandez (Vrije Universiteit Brussel), Marijke Huysmans (Vrije Universiteit Brussel)

SCB

talk

Comprehensive hydrogeological and groundwater modelling studies are underway to assess feasibility of the construction of the Einstein Telescope (ET) facility in the Euregion Meuse-Rhine (EMR) region. The facility includes ~30 km tunnels with 10 m of width arranged in a triangular shape, and shafts and cavern structures in the corners. The construction and operation of this facility will...

67. Infrasound monitoring system for characterizing the candidate sites of third-generation terrestrial interferometric gravitational-wave detectors

Edit Fenyvesi (Wigner RCP)

SCB

talk

Third-generation terrestrial gravitational-wave detectors, such as the Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer, would offer significantly greater sensitivity and a wider frequency range than existing detectors. Third-generation detectors are designed to be able to detect gravitational waves below 10 Hz. In this frequency range, seismic noise and gravitational gradient noise (also known as...

80. Infrasound noise at Sos Enattos

Tomasz Bulik

SCB

talk

I present the analysis of the infrasound measurements at the Sos Enattos mine. I discuss the correlations between different stations. Additionally I present the level of the infrasound induced newtonian noise and discuss the ways to mitigate its influence on the detector.

45. Low-frequency environmental noise evaluation at Sos Enattos, the Sardinian site proposed for Einstein Telescope

Davide Rozza (University of Milano-Bicocca & INFN-MIB)

SCB

talk

The Sos Enattos area in Sardinia, Italy, is one of the most promising locations for the Einstein Telescope (ET), a next-generation underground gravitational wave observatory. In this study, we present the results of a recent environmental magnetic noise analysis aimed at characterising natural noise sources in the low-frequency band. Using a network of sensors deployed in the region, we...

81. New geological and hydrogeological insights from public tender investigations at Sos Enattos for the Einstein Telescope configurations L and T.

Carlo Giunchi (INGV)

SCB

talk

Recent deliverables from RockSoil S.p.A. have significantly advanced our geological and hydrogeological understanding of the Sos Enattos area, which is being considered as a potential location for the Einstein Telescope (ET). The dataset includes results from eleven deep boreholes, geophysical surveys (ERT and SRT) and magnetometry and radon gas measurements. These results have been integrated...

64. Probing the quiet site: multidisciplinary characterization at Sos Enattos for the Einstein Telescope

Domenico D'Urso

SCB

talk

The Sos Enattos site in Sardinia remains a key location for multidisciplinary research activities in support of the development of the Einstein Telescope (ET), a next-generation gravitational wave observatory. Current efforts include deploying advanced seismic, magnetic and environmental sensor arrays at various depths to enable long-term monitoring of site stability and noise levels....

56. Results of the 2025 active seismic campaign at the EMR-site

Michael Kiehn

SCB

talk

Taking the experience from the 2022 drilling and seismic acquisition campaign on board the subsurface team of the EMR-regions devised a second data acquisition program that was executed from Q2 2024 to Q1 2025. The purpose of the campaign was to enable the construction of a 3D integrated subsurface model in support of civil engineering, and hydrogeological as well as seismic noise modelling....

70. Seismic array measurements in the Italian candidate site for the Einstein Telescope, the third-generation gravitational wave detector

Dr Marco Olivieri (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia)

SCB

talk

The characterization of local seismic noise is of paramount importance for evaluating candidate locations for hosting the Einstein Telescope (ET), the third-generation gravitational wave detector. Three temporary seismic arrays were installed at the Italian candidate site for ET, each with different geometrical layouts, recording durations, and total numbers of stations. Here, we provide an...